Rules for using gerunds and infinitives gerunds and infinitives gerund the ing form of a verb which works as a noun is known as a gerund. Gerunds and infinitives some important rules the form of the verb that ends in ing is called a gerund when used as a noun. Gi004 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Gerund and infinitives verb lists free pdf in english when two verbs come side by side to is placed between them or ing is added to second verb. Some verbs can be followed by either an infinitive, or an ing form but with a change in meaning. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a. List of verbs followed by gerunds and infinitives pdf. Difference between gerund and infinitive compare the. Take this quiz and then the free audio lesson below to make sure you understand the difference between remember and forget with gerund or infinitive.
Gerund is a verbal that is made by adding ing to a verb and serves as a noun. English grammar todaycambridge dictionary punkt odniesienia dla gramatyki mowionego i pisanego jezyka angielskiego. In the above examples, combing is an example of a gerund as it is a verb that acts as a noun in the sentence. First, we do the action and then we remember the action. Verbs that are followed by other verbs can take either the gerund or the infinitive. An infinitive is the basic or root form of a verb, typically preceded with to. Mar 07, 20 gerund vs infinitive both gerunds and infinitives are verbals that are formed using verbs but differ in the manner in which they are used to indicate the reason or purpose. Learn when to use the gerund and when to use the infinitive in english grammar with lingolias online lesson. The following lists of verbs followed by other verbs will help you practice. In a sentence, an infinitives can be used as nouns, adjectives, and. Verb forms gerunds and infinitives english grammar. Note that help can also be followed by the infinitive without to with no difference in meaning. Gerunds are verb forms that act as nouns in a sentence with no reference to time. Exercise 1 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs.
When a gerund follows a verb, it is acting as a noun form. You must always check the oil before starting the vehicle. Mar 30, 2018 using gerunds and infinitives with other verbs in english is a tricky thing, because some verbs are followed only by infinitives and other verbs only by gerunds, while certain verbs may be followed by either one. An infinitive fo llowed by the simple form of the verb and will almost always begin with to. You can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence. If there is to between two verbs, we call it infinitive and ing added to second verb it is called gerund. Gerund or infinitive exercise 1 1 fill the gaps with the verb in brackets in the appropriate form. If it is a present participle, it functions as a verb and it is usually translated into a spanish gerundio. The use of gerunds or infinitives after certain nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc.
If it is a gerund, it functions as a noun and it is usually translated into a spanish infinitive. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets english vocabulary. Gi006 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. This grammar exercise tests your ability to use these structures. An infinitive is not a verb, so we cannot add s, es, ed, or ing in the end. To as a preposition takes a noun phrase or a gerund as a complement. The gerund in the following sample sentences is bolded, and the verb is italicized. Depending upon the verb and accompanying meaning, the object may be an infinitive or a gerund. Gi008 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate.
They should not be confused with present participles. When used as an infinitive marker, to is followed by the plain infinitive form of verb. We are also going to have sheets for both recognizing the verbal by itself and then as a verbal phrase. Verb patterns in english grammar tell us whether to use the infinitive or the gerund after certain words. Understanding how these words function is a crucial step in developing your english skills.
Infinitives and gerunds take the place of a noun in a sentence. Nov 29, 2017 some nouns, adjectives and verbs are followed by ing forms. However, it is only used if the time of the action expressed by the gerund is not obvious from the context. Frequently, the main verb in a sentence is followed by another verb which is either an infinitive with to ex. Verbs followed by the toinfinitive or gerund with a difference in meaning. Infinitive is formed by adding to with a verb that acts as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb in a sentence. In english, if you want to follow a verb with another action, you must use a gerund or infinitive. If the gerund verb occured before the main verb we use perfect gerund having done instead of simple gerund doing the man denied being involved having been involved in the robbery. She agreed to give a presentation at the meeting ask. In sentences 4, 5 and 6, stop is followed by the gerund form of the verb.
It is more common, however, to use ing form in english after the verbs of senses. Types of verbals, participles, gerund, infinitive, using. Gerund form normally means that the action was completed, the infinitive not completed. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets english vocabulary and. We are going to take each of these separately in these worksheets. Verbs followed by gerunds and infinitives complete these sixteen sentences to score your knowledge of gerunds and infinitives. A gerund is a verb form that ends in ing and is used as a noun walking, traveling, voting. The students complete each sentence with the verb in brackets in its gerund or infinitive form. Although present participles are verb forms that end in ing, they are active action words that are happening right now. Home topics nonfinite verb forms infinitives, gerunds and participles verbs followed by the toinfinitive or gerund verbs followed by the toinfinitive or gerund with a difference in meaning toinfinitive or gerund. This infinitival to normally introduces a clause functioning as a purpose adjunct. These nouns are called gerunds and can be the subject of a clause, followed by a thirdperson singular hesheit form of the verb. Common verbs followed by the gerund perfect english grammar. Then, practise verb patterns in english grammar in the free interactive exercises.
Rules for using gerunds and infinitives when to use. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. The following lists of verbs followed by other verbs will help you practice using gerunds and infinitives within simple sentences. We can use an object before the infinitive with these verbs. He threatened to shoot me if i didnt give him the key 4. A verbal is a verb form used as another part of speech. Introduction the ing form of the verb may be a gerund or a present participle. Gerunds and infinitives esl activities, worksheets and games.
For others, we can use perfect gerund infinitive forms to express the past. In these sentences, the gerunds are looking, drinking and zipping most verbs in english always take either the gerund or the infinitive. Nonfinite verb forms infinitives, gerunds and participles. Unlike other words that ends with ing, a gerund does not function as a verb. Always use the gerund ing form of the verb after the verb go. You can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a. Similar expressions with the full and the bare infinitive. Here is a gerunds and infinitives worksheet to test students knowledge of gerunds and infinitives with to. On the toeic grammar questions there will generally be both choices amongst the answers, so you need to know which one is the right form. In english, when we talk about the infinitive we are usually referring to the present infinitive, which is the most common. Because their function is that of a noun, gerunds may be used as the subject of a sentence. Furthermore, use of infinitive or gerund after a certain verb may totally change the meaning of a sentence. English esl gerund worksheets most downloaded 286 results. If words ending with ing are used as a verb in the sentence, those are simply the present participle or continuous form of the verb.
Gerunds and infinitives part 1 put the verb into the correct form. You know your english andrew rich vetta getty images. Gerund infinitive gi 3 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form. You need to learn which one is correct, and then always use that form. A gerund can be made by simply adding ing to a verb. One of the most common ways to use gerunds and infinitives is as the direct object of a verb. Complete the following sentences using the appropriate verb form. Apr 15, 2012 gerund or infinitive grammar exercise. Grammar and mechanics using gerunds and infinitives a gerund is a verb form that ends in ing and is used as a noun walking, traveling, voting. In a sentence, an infinitives can be used as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs.
Gerunds and infinitives exercises perfect english grammar. Gi003 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. A gerund is a verb ending in ing that functions as a noun. Using gerunds and infinitives with other verbs in english is a tricky thing, because some verbs are followed only by infinitives and other verbs only by gerunds, while certain verbs may be followed by either one. Live worksheets english english as a second language esl gerund or infinitive verb patterns. Gi007 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. English grammar today a reference to written and spoken english grammar and usage cambridge dictionary. Depending on the verb, adjective or noun it follows, we can use the infinitive with or without to e. The meaning of remember and forget changes depending on whether it is followed by the gerund or infinitive forms. Rules for using gerunds and infinitives when to use gerunds. The general rule for forming the ing form of a verb is to take the base form and. In pairs or small groups, students talk about the questions in the boxes, paying special attention to the verb pattern normally infiniti. Gerunds and infinitives can function b to compose a sonata would take months.
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